Matematika sebagai Ilmu Deduktif
MATHEMATICS
AS A DEDUCTIVE SCIENCE
In process of mathematics must be
deductive not be inductive. Although in helping the beginner learners of
mathematics is often required some examples to make them understand about the
subject. When looking for the truth of the mathematics, it is contrast to seek
the truth from the other sciences. For example, in natural science. The methods
that are used to prove the truth of mathematics is a deductive science, so it
can be concluded that the mathematics is not obtained by conducting
experiments.
In several occasions, to seek the
truth of mathematics can be started by inductive but for the next step the
truth must be proven deductively. The mathematics theormscan not be accepted
before proving it deductively.
For example :
The
sum of two odd numbers is an even number.
|
+
|
1
|
3
|
5
|
-7
|
9
|
|
1
3
5
-7
9
|
2
4
6
-6
10
|
4
6
8
-4
12
|
6
8
10
-2
14
|
-6
-4
-2
-14
2
|
10
12
14
2
19
|
From the table above, it is clear
that sum of two odd numbers will result an even number. But, in mathematics it
is not justified to prove in this way (generalization). The proof that is
justified is deductively. It is suppose as a deductive proof as follows :
Assume a dan b are two integers,
then (2a + 1) and (2b + 1) are odd numbers. If they are added together, it
becomes :
Because a and b are
integers, so (a + b + 1) is also
integer. We know that the multiplication of two integers produces an even
number. Then 2(a + b + 1) is an even number. So, we can conclude that the sum
of two odd numbers is always even.
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